Fault Analysis And Maintenance Of Centrifugal Water Pump（ONE）

Mar 28, 2026

Due to the unique operating environment of centrifugal water pumps, their internal structure contains a large amount of conductive substances, which can easily lead to unstable water pressure and high bearing temperature, affecting the stability and safety of operations. This requires relevant personnel to comprehensively investigate common problems during the operation of centrifugal water pumps, comprehensively integrate the daily maintenance experience and effectiveness rules of centrifugal water pumps, and

To comprehensively ensure the effectiveness of maintenance and repair work for centrifugal water pumps, laying a foundation and guarantee for the use and operation of centrifugal water pumps.

 

Overview of the working principle of centrifugal water pump

The main working principle of a centrifugal water pump is to perform centrifugal motion treatment on its internal water resources, and transport and transfer water resources in the form of a pump. The first step of its operation is to fill the interior of the centrifugal water pump with water, and use the rotating impeller inside the pump to drive the required water to rotate at high speed, so that the internal transportation environment of the centrifugal water pump generates a mechanical centrifugal force that meets the standard, thereby throwing the required water resources out towards the outlet. At the same time, a low-pressure area is synchronously formed near the water resource inlet shaft to guide external water storage resources into the centrifugal water pump, thereby achieving a cyclic pumping and water delivery effect.

 

 

In the working structure of a centrifugal water pump, the motor and impeller are key factors for its normal and smooth operation, directly related to the safety and actual efficiency of the centrifugal water pump operation. Therefore, in the daily troubleshooting of centrifugal water pump faults, relevant personnel should focus on the performance and losses of these two parts, effectively ensuring the basic power support and overall stable operation of the centrifugal water pump. In addition, relevant personnel also need to observe and test whether the steel structure of the centrifugal water pump can withstand the water pressure and internal impact caused by the operation of the pump during regular inspections. Corresponding mechanical testing equipment can be used to test the stiffness and strength of each component and the overall structure of the centrifugal water pump, in order to ensure the operational performance of each internal structure and component of the centrifugal water pump.

 

Common faults and performance analysis of centrifugal water pumps

 

During the operation of a centrifugal water pump, it is necessary to rely on the support and drive of external electrical energy to achieve high-speed rotation of the impeller. The impeller can drive the water to undergo centrifugal operation during high-speed rotation, thereby achieving rapid introduction and transportation of water. The internal structure of the centrifugal water pump involved in this process is very complex, closely related to the mutual influence and coordination of structural components such as the impeller, bearings, pump shaft, and impeller of the centrifugal water pump. These components mainly include mechanical and electrical structures. Once there is a problem between each structure and component, the entire centrifugal water pump unit will be paralyzed, resulting in the obstruction of internal transportation of the water body.

 

 

High bearing temperature

Due to the fact that the operation process of centrifugal water pumps is a continuous process of mechanical energy doing work, the bearings need to maintain high-speed operation for a long time during this process. This process inevitably generates a large amount of frictional heat in the short term. Once this heat is not discharged and dispersed in a timely manner, exceeding the bearing temperature standard will lead to the problem of excessive bearing temperature. When the temperature of the bearing exceeds the standard and is too high, it may cause the transformer line to burn out, directly affecting the normal operation and use of the internal electrical structure of the centrifugal water pump.

At the same time, the substandard quality and performance of lubricants or the mismatch between lubricant type and bearing model can also lead to the problem of high bearing temperature. The failure of lubricants can result in low lubrication between bearings, increasing ineffective friction between bearings and other components, ultimately generating a large amount of heat during long-term operation, which to some extent reduces the quality and service life of centrifugal water pump bearings and the overall unit.

 

High vibration frequency and amplitude

 

Slight vibration within a reasonable range is one of the normal manifestations of centrifugal water pump operation, but once the vibration frequency and amplitude of the centrifugal water pump exceed the reasonable range, it indicates mechanical operation failure. The rationality of the vibration frequency and amplitude of the centrifugal water pump is an important indicator for evaluating its operational performance. Excessive frequency and amplitude of vibration can directly affect the normal operation of the centrifugal water pump unit, and may also lead to the failure or damage of various structural components of the unit, posing a certain threat to the quality and safety of the overall operation of the centrifugal water pump.

There are various problems with high vibration frequency and amplitude in centrifugal water pumps, such as unreasonable motor and foundation fixing forms, impeller failure, prolonged use, unreasonable pipeline settings, and low precision of transmission components, which can all affect the normal operation of centrifugal water pumps. Relevant personnel can inspect and repair centrifugal water pump vibration problems based on the above aspects.

 

Insufficient water output and substandard head

 

During the operation of a centrifugal water pump, relevant personnel must conduct a certain level of impurity inspection on the transported water body. Water bodies that have not undergone specific inspection may contain excessive large particle impurities, which can easily lead to large-scale blockage of the impeller channel of the pump body, directly affecting the water output and speed of the centrifugal water pump.

 

 

Non compliant head is a common problem in the operation of centrifugal water pumps, mainly due to the lack of external work during normal operation. This situation can lead to insufficient power for equipment operation, resulting in serious gas invasion inside the centrifugal water pump, which to some extent affects the normal transportation quality and efficiency of the water body of the centrifugal water pump.