What Are The Precautions For The Installation And Operation Of Centrifugal Pumps

Feb 06, 2025

The correct installation of centrifugal pump units is of great significance for ensuring equipment safety, improving pump efficiency, extending mechanical service life, and ensuring safe operation, and must be highly valued; Otherwise, even if the selection and matching of single-stage centrifugal pumps are reasonable, the centrifugal pumps will still not be able to achieve good efficiency, and may even fail to work. In severe cases, they may damage the unit and cause significant losses. The installation of the water pump unit is carried out under solid foundation conditions, and the installation process can be divided into: foundation construction, water pump installation, power machine installation, pipeline and accessory installation, and auxiliary equipment installation. Each process must be strictly carried out in accordance with relevant regulations.
1, Preparation before installation
The preparation work before installation mainly refers to the development of a unit layout plan and basic installation requirements based on the farmland irrigation plan and local water source conditions after the unit selection and matching are completed. The fixed base of the unit is constructed by pouring or using other methods to prepare for the installation of the main engine. When making the unit layout plan, it should be considered that there should be a certain width of aisle between the foundations of adjacent units. When the motor capacity is greater than 55 kW, the net distance should not be less than 1.2 meters; When the motor capacity is less than 55 kW, the net distance should not be less than 0.8 m. In any case, the distance between protruding parts of the equipment or between protruding parts and the wall should not be less than 0.7 meters. The computer room must have sufficient height. When selecting the installation location of the water pump, while ensuring the head, the lower the height of the water pump from the water surface, the better.
The installation of centrifugal pump units should meet the following basic requirements:
The base and foundation of the water pump and power machine must be firmly fixed together so that the unit can operate smoothly and not be damaged due to uneven settlement of the foundation.
The installation height of the water pump must comply with the allowable vacuum height or the installation height calculated based on the allowable cavitation allowance provided by the water pump factory. That is to say, the distance between the axis of the water pump and the lower water surface should ensure that water can still be pumped out even after the lower water surface changes, without causing faults such as cavitation and vibration. When using a coupling for direct transmission, the axis of the water chestnut and the axis of the power machine must be in a straight line; When using belt drive, the water pump pulley should be parallel to the power machine pulley, and the centerline of the width of the two pulleys should be on the same straight line. That is to say, it is required that there should be no deviation, skewness, or uneven wear during the operation of the belt. The connection parts of the water chestnut suction pipeline must be tight and firm, without air leakage. The foundation at the installation site of the vertical centrifugal pump should be sturdy, level, and dry, and the arrangement of the suction pipe and pressure pipe should be reasonable. There are two situations for pouring or making the base of a water pump unit.
One is that the permanent fixed base is generally poured with concrete, with a cement to sand to stone ratio of 1:2:4. The size of the base can be found in the instructions provided by the water pump production plant. Generally, it should be 8-10 cm larger than the water pump or unit base and 5-10 cm higher than the ground. The weight of the base should not be less than 2.5 times the weight of the unit. Draw a line according to the specified size to excavate the soil trench, and make a wooden template according to the specified requirements in advance. Install anchor bolts on the wooden template, and then grout and pour it into shape in one go. The following three points must be noted during pouring:
(1) The foundation pit of the pedestal must be compacted;
(2) The position of the foot bolts pre installed on the wooden formwork should match the size of the screw holes on the unit;
(3) The installation foundation surface of the water pump and power machine should be kept level.