What Occasions Are Centrifugal Pumps Suitable For
Nov 19, 2025
Centrifugal pumps are widely used and are almost indispensable equipment in process systems. Centrifugal pumps have outstanding advantages such as small volume, simple operation and use, and long service life. If the pipeline transportation system is regarded as the vascular circulation system of the human body, then the centrifugal pump is equivalent to the heart that transports blood.
Before starting, it is necessary to fill the pump casing and suction pipeline with liquid from the funnel. When the impeller rotates rapidly, the liquid inside the impeller also rotates under the push of the blades inside the impeller, thereby gaining centrifugal force and moving outward from the center of the impeller along the blade flow channel.
Then, it is thrown out from the end of the blades and enters the volute or diffuser (or guide wheel) inside the pump casing. When the liquid flows into the diffusion tube, due to the gradual expansion of the cross-sectional area of the liquid flow, the flow velocity slows down, converting some of the kinetic energy into static energy head, causing the pressure to rise, and finally being discharged from the discharge tube.
At the same time, a local vacuum is generated at the center of the impeller due to the liquid being thrown out, so the liquid in the suction tank is continuously sucked into the pump through the suction pipe under the pressure of the liquid surface. The impeller rotates continuously, sending the liquid from the suction tank to the high-level tank or pressure vessel.
Centrifugal pumps can transport liquids by relying on high-speed rotating impellers to apply centrifugal force to the liquid, hence the name centrifugal pump.
The centrifugal pump device is a pipeline accessory on the inlet and outlet pipelines of the centrifugal pump, which plays a significant role in the normal operation of the pump. The bottom valve is a check valve, which ensures that the liquid injected into the pump during start-up will not flow away through the suction pipe. The filter can prevent debris from entering the pipeline or pump casing and causing blockage in the suction tank.
When a centrifugal pump is started, if there is no liquid in the pump body and suction pipe, it has no ability to suck liquid because its suction and discharge ports are connected. When there is no liquid in the impeller and only air, the density of air is much lower than that of liquid. No matter how the impeller rotates at high speed, the inlet of the impeller cannot reach the required vacuum degree for suction, and the centrifugal force generated is very small.
Therefore, the low pressure formed in the center area of the impeller is not enough to suck the liquid in the suction tank (storage tank) into the pump, and it cannot suck liquid. The phenomenon of centrifugal pumps being unable to suck liquid due to the presence of air inside the pump is called air trapping,. Therefore, before starting the centrifugal pump, the pump body and suction tube must be filled with liquid or air must be extracted.
Centrifugal pumps do not have self-priming ability, so they must be filled before starting the pump. To prevent the liquid filled into the pump casing from flowing into the low-level tank due to gravity, a check valve (bottom valve) is installed at the inlet of the pump suction pipeline. If the position of the pump is lower than the liquid level in the tank, there is no need to manually fill the pump before starting, and the liquid can automatically flow into the pump with the help of the level difference.
In production, sometimes even though the pump is filled, there is still a phenomenon of not being able to absorb liquid, which may be caused by the following reasons.
1. The connecting flange of the suction pipeline is not tight, causing air leakage;
2. Insufficient filling, incomplete air discharge, and the presence of air in the pump casing or pipeline;
3. The suction tube bottom valve fails or cannot be tightly closed, resulting in insufficient liquid filling;
4. The suction pipe bottom valve or filter screen is blocked;
5. If the suction pipe bottom valve is not open or malfunctioning, corresponding measures can be taken according to the specific situation to overcome it.
If the water level is much lower than the pump, it is recommended to use a self-priming pump. Conventional self-priming pump products have a self-priming height of only 4-5 meters. If it exceeds 5 meters but is within 9 meters, it is recommended to use a vacuum assisted high suction range self-priming pump.
Centrifugal pump is a common type of water pump that is suitable for various occasions. The following are some common situations in which centrifugal pumps are used:
1. Industrial use:
Centrifugal pumps are widely used in the industrial field for transporting various liquids such as water, petroleum, chemical raw materials, etc. Centrifugal pumps are essential equipment in industrial fields such as chemical, petroleum, pharmaceutical, and food processing.
2. Water treatment:
Centrifugal pumps can be used in urban water supply systems, sewage treatment plants, and drainage systems. It can help transport water from one place to another, ensuring the efficient use of water resources.
3. Agricultural irrigation:
In the field of agriculture, centrifugal pumps are commonly used for irrigating farmland. It can transport water from rivers or lakes to farmland, ensuring that crops have sufficient water sources.
4. Construction project:
Centrifugal pumps are commonly used in the drainage system of construction sites to pump out accumulated water, ensuring dryness and safety at the construction site.
5. Fisheries:
In the field of fisheries, centrifugal pumps are commonly used to clean wastewater from fish ponds or aquariums to maintain clean water quality.
6. Air conditioning system:
Centrifugal pumps are also widely used in building air conditioning systems to transport coolant and ensure the air conditioning effect inside the building.
Overall, centrifugal pumps are a very common and multifunctional device suitable for various occasions. It has a wide range of applications and can provide convenience and support for work in various fields.
What occasions are pipeline centrifugal pumps suitable for
1. Pipeline centrifugal pump is used for transporting clean water and other liquids with physical and chemical properties similar to clean water. It is suitable for industrial and urban water supply and drainage, high-rise building pressurized water supply, garden sprinkler irrigation, fire pressurization, long-distance transportation, HVAC refrigeration cycle, bathroom and other cold and warm water circulation pressurization and equipment matching. The operating temperature is T ＜ 80 ℃.
2. Vertical hot water pumps are suitable for high-temperature hot water pressurized circulation and transportation in metallurgy, chemical industry, textile, wood processing, papermaking, as well as boilers, bathrooms, hotels and other industries, and for urban housing heating circulation pumps, with operating temperatures below 120 ℃.
3. Vertical high-temperature centrifugal pumps are widely used in energy, metallurgy, chemical, textile, papermaking, as well as boiler high-temperature hot water pressurized circulation transportation in hotels, bathrooms, and guesthouses, and pipeline pumps for urban housing heating circulation, with operating temperatures below 240 ℃.
4. Vertical pipeline chemical pump is used to transport liquids that do not contain solid particles, are corrosive, and have a viscosity similar to water. It is suitable for industries such as petroleum, chemical, metallurgical, power, papermaking, food and pharmaceuticals, and synthetic fibers. The operating temperature ranges from -20 ℃ to 120 ℃.
What occasions are horizontal multi-stage centrifugal pumps suitable for
Horizontal multi-stage centrifugal pumps are suitable for various occasions due to their unique structure and performance characteristics. The following is a summary of its main application areas:
1. Water supply, drainage, and fire protection for high-rise urban buildings
Horizontal multi-stage centrifugal pumps can provide stable high-pressure water flow, meet the water pressure and flow requirements of high-rise buildings, and ensure the normal operation of water supply and fire protection systems
2. Factory and mine water supply and drainage
In factories and mines, horizontal multi-stage centrifugal pumps can be used in various water supply and drainage systems, including circulating water systems and drainage systems in industrial processes. Its high-efficiency and energy-saving characteristics help reduce operating costs and improve production efficiency.
3. Long distance water delivery
For occasions that require long-distance transportation of clean water, such as agricultural irrigation, urban water supply, etc., horizontal multi-stage centrifugal pumps can provide sufficient head and flow to ensure the effective utilization of water resources.
4. HVAC cycle
In HVAC systems, horizontal multi-stage centrifugal pumps can be used for circulating water systems to ensure the circulation of cooling or hot water, meeting the temperature and humidity requirements inside buildings.
5. Domestic water supply
Horizontal multi-stage centrifugal pumps can also be used in residential water supply systems to provide stable water pressure and flow, ensuring the daily water needs of residents.
6. Other application areas
In addition, horizontal multi-stage centrifugal pumps are also suitable for the following situations:
Boiler feedwater:
In the boiler feedwater system, horizontal multi-stage centrifugal pumps can provide stable high-pressure water flow to ensure the normal operation of the boiler.
Petrochemical industry:
used for transporting various corrosive and high-temperature media, especially suitable for occasions such as refineries and chemical plants that require high-pressure transportation.
Landscape irrigation:
Providing irrigation water for garden green spaces to meet the needs of plant growth.
Fire boosting:
In the fire protection system, horizontal multi-stage centrifugal pumps can be used to boost water supply and ensure the normal operation of fire equipment.
The horizontal multi-stage centrifugal pump has the following characteristics, which enable it to adapt to the needs of various occasions:
Efficient and energy-saving:
Adopting advanced hydraulic model design, it has the characteristics of high efficiency and low energy consumption.
Smooth operation:
With a compact structure and stable and reliable operation, it can meet various harsh industrial environmental requirements.
Easy maintenance:
The horizontal design makes the installation and maintenance of the pump more convenient, and the components are mostly standard parts that are easy to replace and maintain.
Wide applicability:
It can be used to transport various corrosive, high-temperature, high viscosity, and particle containing media, meeting the needs of different industries and working conditions.
In summary, the horizontal multi-stage centrifugal pump is an efficient and reliable fluid transportation equipment, widely used in various fields such as urban high-rise building water supply and drainage, factory and mine water supply and drainage, long-distance water transportation, HVAC circulation, and domestic water supply.